The Shadow of Loot and Losses: Uncovering Nigeria’s Petroleum subsidy fraud

Available June 5 2025

This is most authoritative account of Nigeria’s trillion-naira fuel subsidy scam by the man who should know: AbdulRasheed Bawa, who served as a member of the EFCC special team that investigated the fraud in 2012. The scrutiny resulted in the recovery of billions of naira and the conviction of various individuals in court. Bawa, who served as EFCC chairman between 2021 and 2023, narrates the intricate tales of how a series of subsidy fraud were executed through falsification of imported volumes, alteration of bill of lading dates, single importation with double subsidy payments, and roundtripping.